EDITORIAL

The Energy of A New Civilization

Through democratic revolutions, humanity had rediscovered equality, freedom, fraternity, solidarity, and humanity. With a huge leap in solidarity, sharing, communitarianism, and collectivism, national liberation struggles and socialist practices in various countries enabled humanity to transcend the limitations of the 20th century. Meanwhile, imperialist capitalism attempted to eradicate these humanistic attributes, which were the motor of progress.

The following ordering can be accepted if the civilizations on Earth were to be ranked according to the main energy sources that they used in different historical periods: Wood was the main source of energy after the discovery of fire. The 18th and 19th centuries can be described as a civilization built primarily on coal, thanks to the invention of steam power and the industrial revolution. The twentieth century and the early twenty-first century were characterized by a civilization dependent on oil and natural gas.

Controlling the world's key energy resources has always been at the center of global power struggles. In their attempt to dominate international politics, imperialist powers devote special efforts at controlling the world's finite traditional fossil fuel supplies.

There can be no doubt about the severity of the crisis of neoliberal globalization. Even the proponents of globalization do not fail to acknowledge this problem and are working to reform the current policy setting. In the meantime, developing countries, which are suffering from the destructive effects of the neoliberal globalized economy at first hand, are voicing their demand for a more just international order with ever increasing persistence and force.

Neoliberal globalization, which used to provide the general framework for the unipolar international order led by the United States, has corroded the basic human values on social, economic and cultural levels, and damaged the environment at the expense of our planet's vitality. Worthy of special emphasis is that neoliberal globalization was predicated on a fossil-fuel-based model of development, which has eventually resulted in a broader "civilization crisis."

This system, which threatens planetary survival, is in an ever deepening crisis. In these circumstances, the only way out is to build a new civilization predicated on the principles of sharing, solidarity, egalitarianism, international collaboration, and environmental sustainability. This new civilization, which can be referred to as the “ecological civilization”, will be necessarily based on renewable energy sources. In this perspective, green hydrogen produced from renewable energy sources stands out as a crucial source of energy.

Energy must be rendered abundant, affordable, accessible, renewable, and ecologically friendly, if an ecological civilization is to be erected. Green hydrogen energy might be a viable solution at the the current stage of scientific and technological progress.

It is well known that China does not only place a high priority on the development of renewable energy sources, but it has also emerged as a world leader that promotes international collaboration under the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). The BRI, whose agenda is shaped by developing countries, proposes a fair model of international relations, which serves as the foundation for a sharing and solidaristic new civilization built on human-nature harmony. Developing green energy cooperation among Belt and Road countries will enhance the BRI, while also speeding up the growth of these countries.

 

FİKRET AKFIRAT

Editor-in-Chief

Contents

Abstract

Mr. Kilkis was born in 1949 in Ankara. He received his Ph.D. degree in Mechanical Engineering with high honors from Middle East Technical University. He graduated in 1972 with an honors degree from von Karman Institute for Fluid Dynamics in Belgium- a NATO Research Center. He completed his master degree in 1973 and PhD degree in 1979. Dr.Kilkis who received the Science Encourage- ment Award from TUBİTAK in 1981 retired from the METU Mechanical Engineering Department as a professor in 1999. Currently, Dr. Kilkis is the member of ASHRAE Building Performance Metrics Steering Committee and the member of ASHRAE Research Journal Sub-Committee. ASHRAE has elevated him to Fellow Grade in 2003 due to his outstanding services and has been named distin- guished lecturer. In 2008, he received Distinguished Service and Exceptional Service awards from ASHRAE. He is the author of more than 500 papers in several journals and proceedings on a large variety of topics, and has several patents pending on green buildings, solar trigeneration, heat pump coupled cogeneration, and low-exergy HVAC systems. Dr. Kilkis has been appointed to the Executive Committee membership of the European Union Solar Thermal Technologies Platform in 2015. Since his commencement of this duty in 2018, he became the Vice Chair of Renewable Heating and Cooling Committee (RHC). He also served Turkish Society of HVAC and Plumbing Engineers at a capacity of President between 2017 and 2019.

 

Received: 25.04.2022 

Accepted: 06.05.2022

Abstract

The above prediction of Jules Verne, whose many predictions have been realized in the books of “From Earth to the Moon”, “Around the World in Eighty Days”, “Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea”, is perhaps much more realistic than the others. Hydrogen fuel has already started to be used in many places. It’s hard to believe, but in the 1960s, hydrogen fuel-powered tractors, golf cars, and even Volkswagen mini busses were produced and used. In these years, the interest in hydrogen has decreased due to the fact that oil was very cheap and the infrastructure was prepared quickly, and unfortunately, this technology has been pushed into the background. These days, clean energies and hydrogen have come to the fore again due to increasing oil prices global warming and climate change. The main disadvantage of clean and inexhaustible energies such as sun and wind is that it is not intermittent and reliable and alongside that cannot be used as fuel. This is where hydrogen gets involved which enables a large amount of energy to be stored. As is known, the biggest problem with energy today is that it cannot be stored in large quantities. Here, a large amount of hydrogen sulfide exists in the Black Sea also has been added to the sources and methods of hydrogen production. Boron reserves of Turkey have been taken into account for the safe storage of hydrogen and are discussed. As stated in the article title, it is explained that the ultimate solution for energy, water shortage, and climate change can be realized by using renewable energy sources, especially electrolysis of seawater, which has infinite potential.In this article, besides the characteristics of hydrogen energy, it has been shown that production technologies, costs, reliability, and hydrogen production from seawater can be the final solution to our country’s and the world’s energy, water scarcity, and climate change problems.

 

Received: 29.12.2021 

Accepted: 25.04.2022

Abstract

The United Nations (UN) should hold high the banner of true multilateralism and serve as the central platform for countries to jointly safeguard universal security, share development achievements and chart the course for the future of the world. The UN should stay committed to ensuring a stable international order, increasing the representation and say of developing countries in international affairs, and taking the lead in advancing democracy and rule of law in international relations. The UN should advance, in a balanced manner, work in all the three areas of security, development and human rights.

 

The text is retrieved from Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People’s Republic of China Website, https://www.fmprc.gov.cn/ mfa_eng/wjdt_665385/zyjh_665391/202109/t20210922_9580293.html

Abstract

It is widely accepted that the primary reason for the phenomenon of Climate Change due to Global Warming is energy production based on traditional fossil fuels. In this context, strategies and energy policies based on Renewable Energy Resources (RES) should be immediately planned and implemented as soon as possible. Today, when life in our world is under an existential threat, the "Sixth Mass Extinction” can be prevented with the transition to RES, which is both clean and inexhaustible. We observe that hydrogen energy classified as RES is coming to the fore. Besides its distinctive advantages, such as being transportable and storable, hydrogen also has the potential to replace fossil fuels. The critical question is: can RES completely replace traditional fossil fuels? The RES, in which Hydrogen Energy will have a significant share of the total energy production capacity, has a remarkable potential to replace nuclear energy and the entire range of fossil fuels combined. In this study, the view that “hydrogen-carbon” technologies will characterize the “New World Order”, also called Ecological Civilization, is examined and discussed.

 

Received: 14.12.2021 

Accepted: 05.05.2022

Abstract

TODAY'S WORLD IS EXPERIENCING GREAT changes that have not been seen in a century. A new stage of technological and industrial reform is on the horizon. One of the most important branc- hes of this reform is sustainable energy. Hydrogen energy is gradually becoming one of the most im- portant carriers of global energy transformation and sustainable development. This summary refle- cts China’s medium and long term plan for develo- ping the energy industry.

 

 

Abstract

With the deepening of China's energy revolution, the goal of “carbon peak and carbon neutrality" is pushed forward, and the new energy and industrial system with the core values of building green, low- carbon, clean, environmental protection, safety and efficiency are advancing steadily. In combination with national policy guidance and support for developing the hydrogen energy industry, relying on its science and technology, good manufacturing technology, and resources, Shanghai has intervened in the hydrogen energy industry. Fuel cell development in the hydrogen energy industry is at the leading level in Shanghai. This paper introduces the basis, technology, development practice characteristics, and experience of the Shanghai hydrogen energy industry and puts forward suggestions and specific measures for its continued development.

*The text retrieved from Qikan website (http://qikan.cqvip.com/Qikan/Article/Detail?id=7105396768), translated from Chinese to English by Onurcan Balcı.

Abstract

Zhao, L. (2021).

The Belt and Road Initiative and the Development of Western China.

Beijing: CITIC Press Group

 

Recieved: 08.02.2022

Accepted: 01.05.2022